Ka Whakamārama te PMIC: Ngā Mahi, Ngā Momo, me ngā Tauākī

PMIC, te hiko whakahaere kua whakakotahi, te whakariterite hiko, te kaiwhakahaere tōrere, te whakarerekē pātea, te whakararata, te kaiwhakahaere whakapūmau, te kaiwhakahaere hiko LDO, te PMIC whakahaere hiko, te whakawhitinga hiko, te urupare kātahi, te whakariterite hiko, te urupare taurangi, te whakahaere ara hiko, te IC hiko tārua, eFuse, kaiwhakahaere hot swap, te kōrero hiko, te pāteko hiko urupare, te pātea hiko urupare, te tarai hiko PMIC, te whakahaere EMI PMIC, ngā āhuatanga tiaki PMIC, te tohu hiko pai, te tirohanga brownout, te tiaki teitei, te tiaki pātea, te tiaki pātea, te whakahaere hiko GaN, nga taputapu hiko SiC, te whakahaere hiko mamati, te whakahaere hiko.

Kātālog

Te Taiwhanga PMIC

Ko te PMIC (Pūhere Hiko Whakahaere Kua Whakakotahi) he IC motuhake e tango ana i tētahi kōpaki hiko, e hanga ana i ngā pākihi hiko maha, e whakahaerehia ana mō ngā pūnaha rerekē i runga i te papa. Ko ēnei pūnaha ka noho ko ngā kaiwhakaako, te maumau, ngā wāhanga RF, ngā pūrere, me ngā taputapu e hāngai ana.

I te mea kāore e matua whakakotahi ana ngā kaiwhakahaere rerekē me ngā IC aroturukihia ki ngā hoahoa, ko te PMIC ka whakauru pū i tēnā ki tētahi whakahaere hiko kotahi. Mo te nuinga o ngā kapa, ko tēnei whakakotahitanga ka kawe mai hoki i tētahi pātea o te hinengaro i te wā o te whakawhānui, nāna i te whakaaro e wātea ana i te wā ka rongo te pākihi.

Ngā kaiwhakaako, te maumau, ngā rūma RF, ngā pūrere, me ētahi atu.

Te Tūāpapa Mahi

I ngā hua tino, ko te take o te PMIC e whakakotahi ana e te hanga hiko kāore e tikina te pātea. Ka puta te painga i te mea kāore e noho ahau i te mea ko te whakahaere hiko te whai pānga ki ngā tikanga maha e pā ana i te wā e tiakina ai, ngā hiko kei runga, me ngā whakaritenga hapa.

Te Whakawhiti

Ka taea te PMIC te whakauru i ngā momo rerekē o ngā kaiwhakahaere kia taea te whakahounga hiko e hiahiatia ana te tango i te pātea ki te whakamāori me ngā pātea rongoā. I ngā hoahoa tino, ko te āhuatanga matua i te mea kāore i te whakakōrero te pātea e hiahiatia ana, engari ko te pupuri i te pātea e noho pūmau ana i te wā e raru ana, ngā kaupapa rū, me ētahi atu whakaritenga whakahaere.

Ngā kaiwhakahaere buck, ngā kaiwhakahaere piki, ngā kaiwhakahaere buck-boost, me ngā kaiwhakahaere LDO.

Ko te pākihi e mārama ana i te taumahatanga pūmau ka māmā te whakaiti ki te pātea ME te reiti real. Ka taea te rangahau i te pātea, i te ripples, i ngā urupare kātahi, me te marama tikanga hiko ka mohiotia hei tirotiro i ngā pātea CPU e pā puhuratia ana i te wā e pūkeretia ana i ngā rautaki whakahaere.

Ngā puhuratia CPU, ngā pūrere RF, me ngā tino tauwhāinga pūrere.

Te Whakaputa

I muri mai i te whakangānui ngā pākihi, ko te PMIC ka riro i te whakatau he aha te wā e paahitia ai, e whakaraputia, me te wehe. I konei ka noho te hoahoa ki etahi atu mauiui, e raru ana i te wehenga, te brownout, me ngā kaupapa kawe. I te wa e tīakina ana te whakawhitinga kaha, ka tiakina, ka aroturukihia he wāhanga paku mai i te tirohanga i runga i te hoahoa.

Ngā enable rail, ngā taupā rahi, te tiaki ka tera, me te ORing diode kā-āhe nga īmēra tuhinga.

Te Tirohanga me te Aroturukihia

Ko te nuinga o ngā PMIC e whakauru ana i ngā aroturuki e titiro ana ki te hauora pākihi me ngā tohu e taea ana e ngā pūmanawa me ngā taputapu. I te whare rangahau, ka huri ngā āhuatanga nei ki te pai tera, ka mau tā te āhuatanga i te kāinga rongoa ki te tiaki, ki te te whāinga tīwae.

Nga kaiwhakaata paerewa, nga kaiwhakaata pātea, te tautuhi i te nui o te hiko, te pāmahana pāmahana, me te tohu pai o te hiko.

Ko tetahi akoranga e noho ana ki nga tira e whakaarahia ana he ko nga taha pai o te hiko me nga wa deglitch me hiahia ki te kore e rangirua. Ka nui te hua i te wa e kākahu ana, haunga, me nga pūhiko kē, he whakaroa ki te whakawhānui i nga whakaheke tere.

Whakahaere me te whakariterite

Ka nui te PMIC ki nga tikanga ki te hanga i te huarahi e piki ana, e heke ana, me te whakarite ki tetahi ki tetahi. Ka kitea enei korero hei hua tonu: mehemea ka tīmata te pūnaha i runga i nga whakaaturanga, mehemea ka kite nga waahanga i te taumahatanga e taea te karo, mehemea ka hoki te papa ki tetahi āhua ka mohio i muri i te hapa.

Te whakariterite, te tīmatanga ngao, te kakahu piki, nga huarahi tuku, me nga wa inter-rail ka taea te whakaritenga.

Kaore te pūnaha matihiko e hiahia ki nga pāmahana hiko tika; he mea hoki e tatari ana nga rīwai ki te haere i roto i tetahi tikanga motuhake me nga hononga wa kua whakatauhia. Mēnā he teitei te pāmahana, he pōturi, kāore rānei pea he whakatūpato, ka taea e te hanga me nga poraka te noho ki nga tikanga kāore e rāhuitia ka tauhihia e te pounga SRAM me te turuturu tere.

Nga hanganga ESD i roto, nga awhe pākiko SRAM, me nga rārangi tere.

Ko te mea e noho ana te ahua o ngā hua i ngā hoahoa pono

I te wa e pāhekoheko ana te tīma i te hoahoa pūtau ki te whakaritenga mahi, ka hua te kowhiringa PMIC i runga i ngā taipitopito mahi, kaua e whakaarihia ngā whakaritenga pā te tauhokohoko. Ko ngā raruraru tawhito tēnei ka whakaputa i te pēhanga kārangi, nāna i pā mai ā wā roa kāore pea e tango rātou hei take pūmau, he maumau torotoro.

Te pānui i ngā pānga tere me ngā uta hāngai

Ka taea e ngā pūnaha hou me ngā wāhanga RF te tono i ngā taetae hiko nui i ngā wāhanga mikro. Ka kitea he pai te PMIC i runga i te pepa, ā, ka riro hei mamae, hei ōrau, hei whāwhā i te wā e hiahiatia ana, e whakarite ana, e pupuni ana te pae, me ngā pāākurua PCB hei whakarite ki te huri i roto i te hoahoa pono.

Te mamae, te ōrau, me te whāwhā.

Ko ngā rōpū e whakamātautau ana i te whakautu pānga wawe he nui te mōhio ki te raru e pā mai ana ki te whakamātau i te pānā. Ko te whakamātautau wawe ka whakaheke i ngā pea o te huringa hoahoa kore pai e pā ana ki ngā kaiwhaki, ngā paerewa tuku, ngā wāhanga whakatika, kāore rānei te PMIC ake.

Ngā kaiwhaki, ngā paerewa, ngā wāhanga whakatika, me te PMIC ake.

Te whakariterite hei kirimana pūnaha, kāore hei whakaritenga

Ka pai te whakariterite hiko i te wa e mahia ana hei kirimana i waenga i ngā whakaritenga silicon, mga whiwhinga rorohiko me ngā whanonga papa. I te wa e neke haere ana ngā reiti piki me ngā wa pai o te hiko kāore a te pepa tārua te hiahia, i te raru, e popokoretia ana ngā raru whakatere.

Nga whakaritenga pepa tārua me nga tumanako rorohiko.

Ko te mea e pā mai ana ki tēnei raruraru ka tino heke i raro i ngā tikanga tiaki noho, ā, ka hoki i te wā maha, i ngā pāmahana pokohiwi, i te pāroko pāmahana, rānei i ngā tikanga pupuni. I ēnei taiao, e taea ana te whakariterite taketake me te kore e tūtaki ki ngā raru me te tuku i ngā wāhanga hauraki.

Ngā pāmahana pokohiwi, ngā hui pāroko pāmahana, me ngā tikanga puki.

Te whanonga tiaki hei pokanga me te utu ratonga

Ko ngā rohe pāmahana, te whakaro pēhanga, me ngā tiaki UV/OV ka kōrerohia i te reo o te haumaru, engari ko ngā hua whakamahia ka kite i a ratou hei ngā āhuatanga wātea. Ka taea e te PMIC e herea ana te hiko i te whakaritenga, e ripoata ana i nga hapa me te kaha ki te whakaaraora ka aukati i te hapa iti i te pūnaha tangata katoa me te tiketike tūturu.

Nga tikanga tiaki: Te tiaki i te pāmahana, te whakaro pēhanga, te tiaki pāmahana iti, me te tiaki pāmahana.

Nga painga mo te pumautanga pūnaha: Te here hiko pai, te whiwhi hapa, me te whakahou kontrol.

He nui ake te tika, ā, e hāngai hoki ana i ngā whakataunga hoahoa, ki te whakaaro ko te PMIC hei wāhanga o te hanga pumautanga pūnaha, kāore hei kōhimu hiko anake. Ko ngā hoahoa e whai hua ana ka tīpako e tetahi PMIC e riro mai ana e pēhea te mau i te mana hiko e taea te ōrite i raro i te kākahu, te whakahaere hapa, me ngā huringa.

Ka wā e tāria ana taua tirohanga, kāore e whakaroa te maramatanga e taea te pahū raraunga i ngā hoko whakauru. Ka whai ake i te iranga mana, te whakatakotoria te pāna hiko ki te pāmahana, me te telemetry hapa hei āhuatanga e wehewehe ana i te taputapu e piki ana i te laboratorio mai i te taputapu e tīmata hāngai, he rahui i runga i te whakatā, ā, e noho ana mauruuru ki te tino ngā rōpū.

PMIC Categories

Ka whakawhāitihia ngā PMIC hei mahi matua, heoi, i ngā taputapu kaipuke ka whakamahia rātou hei pūnaha hiko aunoa e tautoko ana i te whakakotahi pūngao, kāore i te mea he kōwae kotahi anake. Ko tētahi ara whaihua ki te whakarōpū i ngā momo PMIC ko te titiro ki (a) ngā mea e whakahaeretia ana e rātou, (b) ngā mea e whakatūpato ana, e pānuitia ana, e whakahau ana, me (c) ngā mea e hono ana, e wehe ana, e kawe ana. I te tirohanga whakatū pūnaha, ko te rārangi wehenga e noho anō ana he iti iho i te rerehiko vs te whakawhitinga āhua, ā, he nui atu te pānga ki te āhua o te hanga o te PMIC ki te whakahaere i te whakawhiti pūnaha i raro i te huringa taumaha. I te wā e whakahaerehia ana taua whakawhiti i runga i te whakaaro, ka noho marino ngā papa i te wā e whakamātautauhia ana; ki te kore, kāore e taea te whakamahi i taua whakaahua i runga i te puna pepa, ā, ka riro hei taatai i roto i te hua kua whakawhanaketia.

Ngā Rōpū Mahi Matua

E whakangao ana ēnei poraka i ngā rēti, e whakatakoto ana i ngā wāhi whakahaere, ā, e tango ana i ngā huringa i ngā tikanga inenga. Ka kapi rātou i ngā rahi katoa mai i ngā rēti tōraro iti ki ngā whānui pāpori hiko teitei.

• Te whakahaere rārangitanga (LDOs)

• Te whakahaere whakawhitinga (buck, boost, buck-boost, whakarara, ka tahu)

• Te whakawhiti i te tihi me te whakarite i mua (AC/DC adapters, USB-PD te taumata tango, ngā kaiwhakaora pūhiko i runga i ētahi papa)

E whakaahua ana ēnei poraka i te āhua e taea ai te pūngao ki te whakahaere mā te whakatakoto i ngā huarahi, te mātaki i ngā whakatuwhera, me te urutau ki ngā hapa. Ka taea e rātou te tuku i ngā wāteka, engari he āhuatanga e whakatau ana mēnā ka hinga he pūnaha ki ngā huarahi marino, ki ngā huarahi kore e mōhiotia ana.

• Ngā tohu pāmahana me ngā bandgap

• Ngā kaiwhakahaere, ngā kaiwhakarato, me ngā kaiwhakawāhi matapihi

• Te hanga kōwhiringa, ngā rīhita whakamōhio, me te mohio ki te pāpāho

• Te whakariterite, te tirohanga, me te urutau ki ngā hapa (UV/OV, tere-māro, te urutau pāmahana)

E whakatau ana ēnei poraka i te wahi ka rere te pūngao, i te wā e hiahia ana hei wehe, me te pēhea e kawea ai ngā taumahatanga ā-waho. I ngā hoahoa tūturu, ko rātou te wāhi e raru ana ngā tūāhua, te hono wera, te rū mō te taura, me te hapa tāpiri.

• Te whakahaere i te ara pūngao

• Ngā pāwhiri tāroi me ngā eFuses

• Te whakamahana pūhiko

• Ngā rēti me ngā kaihanga e pā ana ki te whakaatu

• Ngā kaiwhakahaere kakano MOSFET

Ngā Momo Whakahaere/Whakawhiti

Ka whiriwhiria te LDO i te wā e hiahia ana ki te rōrahi iti o te haruru o te putanga, he ahua māmā te hoahoa, me te whakautu tere o te pānga iti. Ka kitea rātou i ngā poraka RF, ngā rēti oro, ngā rōpū whakatikatika, me ngā tuku pārite e pā ana ki te ADC i reira ka taea e ngā pātene te kitea hei ngaro i te mahi.

Ko te wera te tikanga limit i te mahi whakahaere. I te hāngai o te rerekētanga pāmahana i te kāinga ki te putanga e tipu ana, ka taea e te pāngia me te pāmahana te waiho hei mea nui atu i ngā whakaritenga tika hiko.

Ka taea e tētahi ara pūngao e whakaatu ana hei pātea zamaniau i te wā e whakamātautauhia ana i runga i te papa paku te whakaputa i ngā raru wera nui i roto i ngā pūnaha kua kākahu rānei, i ngā taiao wera teitei e kinikini ana te hau, me ngā marama pāmahana e iti ana.

Ka carrying te hunga buck i te nuinga o ngā mahi pakari mō ngā ara pūngao core: ngā pūnaha tono, DSPs, ngā rēti DDR, me ētahi atu rōpū pāpori hiko teitei. I te mahi, ka taea e ngā papa e rua te whakamahi i te hunga buck kotahi te noho hei taha rerekē, e pā ana ki te āhua whakahaere, ngā āhuatanga mahi i te taumahatanga iti, me ngā pāna ki te hoahoa pāwhiri.

• Te huarahi whakahaere (āhua pāmahana, āhua māro, pāriri pātae, te wa i te wāhanga)

• Te whakamahinga taumahatanga iti (PFM, kāri pātea, Pākū PWM)

• Te urutau pāmahana mō ngā whakawhiti teitaki vs ngā pātene putanga

• Tōku pā папоказан (ngā kōwhiringa pāngia whānui, ngā kōwhiringa te frequencies switching, te pānga maruko)

Ko tētahi kōrero e tere ana te kākahu ki te aro ki ngā poho o ngā hoahoa he mea e raru ana. Tētahi huri ka tika te awhina ki te 2 A ka noho i te nuinga o tōna oranga i te 20–200 mA, i reira ka nui te pāwhara, te ngaro o te pāka, me te ngaro whakatā e kaha ana. Ko te whakataurite i ngā uara tārahi e pā mātauhia ana ka taea te awhina i te ora pūhiko ki te mahi tūturu ki te pārehe hei peera mo ngā whakaritenga tuatahi i whakatau.

Ka whakamahia ngā huri pātea i te wā e hiahia ana ki te whakawhiti i te ara pūngao teitei mai i te pūhiko e toru, ko ngā tauira e tino pā ana ko te waihanga 5 V mai i tētahi pūhiko pū, te waihanga i ngā rēti kāpia whakaatu, rānei te whakawhiwhi i ngā tāuru LED. Ka pai te whakamahi i ngā tāpihi buck-boost i te wā e taea te whakawhiti te pūngao ki runga me raro i te putanga e hiahiatia ana, pērā i te whakawhiti i tētahi ara pūngao tata i te āhua katoa o te katoa pūhiko.

Ka tangohia e ēnei huri te raru o te pūnaha miere, pērā i te pupuri i te 5 V kāinga ki te tau atu i te pūhiko, engari ko taua awhina e whai wāhi ana i ngā wāhi e haere ana ki me ngā tohu e pā ana ki te pāpaki me ngā āhuatanga taura.

I nga pūrere kāinga me ngā waahanga IoT iti, ko te AC/DC brick te nuinga kei waho i te hua, heoi, ko te whakaritenga i tāruatia me te tiaki i ngā tohu kei te heke ki roto i te taputapu. Ahakoa ka pā te pātea ki ēnei hei āhuatanga USB kaua e pā ki ngā āhuatanga PMIC, ka tino mōhiotia rātou ki te āhua hōtaka.

• Te mōhio me te tautoko i te USB-PD

• Te whakawhiti i te mana ki te whakaora i te whakaoranga me te whakahaere i te hiko

• Te tiaki i te roa o te pānga pānga mo ngā taonga USB me ngā kaitautoko

Nga Pātea Tautoko Tika

Ka tohu ngā turanga tāpiri i te tika o te whakaahua mo ngā ADCs, DACs, me ngā taumata whakamātau. I ngā hua pāteka, ko ngā taipitopito e pā ana ki te noho i tōna rongoā, te rōreka hāora, me te PSRR i ngā rangahau pānga pā porohita e mau nei. Ka taea e te hāua iti o te hāora tauwhāinga te whakaatu i ngā huringa e taea te ine, te hapa pūrere, te kīhono, i te wa e whakanuia ana e te whakaritenga me ngā whiringa kōmāmā.

E tirohia ana e ngā kaiwhakahaere ngā ara mo te iti o te pānga pā, te pānga pā rahi, me ngā heke tikanga. I ngā pūnaha multi-rail, ka awhina rātou ki te karo i ngā āhua toenga whātea, i ngā wāhi kotahi e puta mai ana me te tīmata ki te whakahaere i ngā wāhi ke, pātea, rorohiko hiko, i te wāhi ke kei te pā, kei te mahana, kei te pākiki.

I te taha o te tuku poutokomanawa, ko te āta tirotiro he tikanga hei whakatau i te momo o ngā whakahokia ngaio i te pākei: ngā raru e puta ana i ngā tīmata makariri, ngā whakaurunga pūhiko iti, ngā huihuri āhorangi ohorere, i ngā taura tohe e kīa kāore i te tika i te huarahi "harikoa" o te tari.

Ko te rauhī i ngā āhuatanga katoa o ngā ara A ka pā ana ki te rauhī B. Ka huri ki te kōrero mo ngā taumata whai wā, ngā pātea ara hūnā, ngā hononga huringa, me ngā pānga e hanga ana te pūnaha i te wā e hinga ana te ara i tana wāhi.

Ko ngā tuhinga SoC e kī ana i ngā here IO-mua i te pūnaha tā o tōna pūtahi, ngā here whakangungu pūmahara, me ngā whakaritenga e tika ana mo ngā wā e kīhia ana. Ka taea e ngā PMICs me ngā raupapa whakaritenga ma te whakamahinga o ngā hū hīkaka te whakaiti i te moni rāmuto, me te te aha hei hānekena e kore e pai te mahinga pērā i te whānuitanga o ngā papanga e pana ana e te tirotiro, i ngā āhua võtū e taea te whakaora i ngā rā o te whakatika.

Nga Hiko-Pā me nga Whakahaere Hiko

Ka whakatauhia e te rōpū mana mehemea ka whakahaerehia te pūnaha mai i te USB, pūhiko, kāore he pātea e rua, ā, ka pā te hunga mo ngā āhuatanga kei roto i ngā pātea.

• Ko te whakawhitinga i te āhua kāore e tapaina (e whakamanahia ana ngā hihiri e whakatūria ana)

• Ko te whakaurangi te hiko whakauru hei whakanui i ngā pūhiko/adapters me ngā whakaritenga whakaaetanga

• Ko nga huringa patu-ika hei whakaitia i te hiko pātea

Ko te pahū i ngā ahuatanga o te ao ko te kāore e taea te whakawhānui i te pokanga i ngā taura, ngā whakawhitinga, me ngā pātea tiaki. I te wā e pā mai ana i ngā āhuatanga tere, ka taea e te PMIC te whakahaere i runga i te whakaritenga a meake i te pūnaha e noho ana i te ata no te mea ko te huarahi kei te rara e tohe ana i runga i te mōhio. Ka tae atu te pani ki ngā "requiements" e pā ana ki te hoahoa, kāore he akoranga.

Ka rerekē ngā pūkoro i ngā tautoko ā-pūhiko, ngā tuhinga pākūhi, ngā āhuatanga pātea, me ngā whāinga hoahoa. Ko te mea e hiahiatia ana ko te tuku tere, te pāmahana papa pātea, te whakaongaonga i te EMI, me te whakaū i te whakatutuki o te pūnaha i te wā e hiko ana.

• Ngā pūkoro rārangi

• Ngā pūkoro pūrere

• Ko ngā momo pātaunga/OTG

Ka tūtohutia te whiriwhiri i runga i ngā pūtea pāmahana, ngā whakaritenga whakahaere, me te whakamahinga e pā ana ki te tautoko ki te iwi tohatoha mai i te mana i te wā e hiko ana me te kore raru, kāore e raru te pātea.

Ka whakamahia ngā huringa katoa hei tautoko i ngā ara mo te iti o te pāngia hiko, me te wehewehe i ngā wāhi i te wā e māmā ai i ngā wā hē me ngā wā tuku. Ka whakaratohia e eFuses ngā whakataunga hiko e taea te whakahaere, ngā tāura hē, me ngā tikanga huri me te whakahaere.

I te maha o ngā hua, ka utu ēnei pūkoro i tāu tomokanga pātea ki te tūranga hē, ngā mea pātea e pā ana ki ngā taputapu, ngā hiko ke, ngā hiko heke, ki te tango pākūhi i te wā pea, te ao me ngā ahuatanga e kākāriki ana e kore e pērā te ahua.

Ka hiahia ngā pūnaha whakaatu i ngā ara mana teitei pērā i te AVDD, VGH, me te VGL me te tino whakahaere i ngā huringa tīmatanga hei karo i ngā whakaatu pūtake. Me hipoki hoki ngā kaiwhakahaere LED i te hiko pātea tika, me te whakautu ki ngā hē o te rara, me ngā hē o te pākūhi na te mea e noho ana ēnei āhuatanga i te wā.

Ka riro ko ngā kaiwhakahaere tatau me ngā kaupapa hiko teitei i te pehea te whakahihiko, i ngā waka motuka, me ngā taputapu ahumahi, e wātea ai he hiko ka mana i te PMIC, ki te whakahaere, ki ngā pānga, me ngā whakaritenga tiaki.

Ko te "Pūnaha Tūāpapa" Tīpuna

I te maha o ngā pūkoro me ngā momo pouaka IoT, ko te PMIC he tino mārama hei whakakotahi i ngā wāhanga kē mai i te pokanga kotahi. Ko te whakarahi ko te pānui ki te whakaiti i te āhua o te PCB, ki te tere o ngā huringa, me te tuku tikanga ki te pūnaha kotahi ki te kite me te awhina i ngā āhuatanga hiko.

• E rima kua pātea te hiko pūna rahi mo te CPU, GPU, pūmahara, me ngā ara e noho ana

• Kotahi, e rua atu LDO mo ngā āhuatanga ā-ata me ngā hiko RF iti

• Pūnaha hiko pānga me te hiko-mātauranga mo te USB me ngā tautuhi pūhiko

• Ngā kaiwhakahaere, ngā tīpako, ngā whakahaere pāmahana, me ngā ripoata o ngā āhuatanga mō te hiko me te whakahaere hē

Ko te mea e mau ana i nga putanga ko te whāngai reri. Ka taea e te buck transient te hono ki roto i tetahi RF LDO mā te whakamahi i te pāmahana whenua tuhinga. Ka taea e te hukahuka pūhiko te whakaiti i te hiko kei te wātea, ā, ko taua huringa ka kī timu i te pūrua i te wā o te whakapiki mahi. Ko nga hoahoa e whakaarohia ana ia tawhā i roto i te wehe i te nuinga o te wā, kātahi ka pai i te testing bench tīmata, ā, ka raru i te testing paerewa ka huri, ka pāhot i teahi, ka whakaingoa i runga i te wāka.

Whiriwhiri me te Hono

Ka kowhiria nga whakakāhoretanga whakawhāiti ki te whakaiti i te whakamāramatanga, engari ka taea hoki e rātou te tuku ripples me EMI ka toro ki ngā wāhanga he māmā. Ka whakaiti te LDO i te haruru, engari ka puta te utu hei pāmahana ka te kaha waare ranei te hiko kāore e pēnā tonu.

• Nga whakakāhoretanga whakawhāiti: te painga teitei, te mahi ripples/EMI nui

• LDOs: te haruru iti, te pāmahana teitei te wera ka huri te pāmahana

He whakative e pai ana ko te whakamahi i te buck hei hanga i tetahi pūrua intermediate, ā, kātahi ka whakamahi i te LDO mo te pūrua mutunga, i te mea e pai ana te hanga me te mahi pāmahana i whakamaheretia tuatahi, kaua e waiho hei whiriwhiri i muri mai.

Ko ngā huringa taake tere e hiahia ana ki ngā āpure whakahaere tere, te hoahoa whakakāhoretanga tika, me te kaha capacitance e rite ana hei pupuri i te pūmau te pānga i ngā hēkona tuatahi o te whakautu. Ko te whiriwhiri i te capacitor ka nui ake i te whakamāmā i te capacitance. Ka taea te whakamāmā te whika i runga i te DC bias, ngā huringa pāmahana, me te pakeketanga. Ka pā te ESR me te ESL ki te pūmau kāinga, te whakautu tawhito, me te kaha EMI, e pā ana ki te whakaritenga tiaki hoahoa nui.

Ko ngā tīma e whakau ana i te kāorecaps dielectric tika, te tohu pāmahana, me te rahi kānaka e mōhiotia ana mō te whakaputanga e pā ana ki te karo nga pānuitanga whakahawea i te wā whakamutunga, ina koa ka pakaru tonu ngā whakaritenga ki ngā whakararu e pa ana ki te ākonga anake i runga i te pepa.

Ka taea te hoahoa i te whanonga PMIC i raro i te hapa me te rautaki kōwhiringa rerekē. Ko tetahi huarahi ka tirohia te heke, te whakahaere i nga pūtake, nga ngana ki te whakahaere, te wehe i runga i te pūrua, nō reira ka noho te pūnaha ki te whakamahi i te āhua whakatārewangi. Ko tetahi atu huarahi ka pakari i te whakawhānui i te wā ki te mohio ki te rōpū hōu ki te hātepe haumaru.

• Te heke whakatārewangi: e mau ana ki ngā whāinga e pa ana ki te whakamahi i te pūrere kaihoko

• Te whakamohoatanga mōhio: e mau ana ki te whanonga e tā karanga ana i roto i ngā hoahoa e whāinga ana ki te haumaru

Ko te PMIC e pā ana ki te whakaritenga ka tido i te nuinga o te wā, i te mea ko tōna aratau me ngā urupare hapa e hāngai ana ki te whanonga e whakamaheretia ana mō te hua, kāore te mea e pā ana ki te pānui i te rārangi whānui.

Ko nga pāmahana whakawhāiti teitei me nga wāhanga pāmahana whānui e whakapiki ana i te āhua teitei o te pūhiko, engari ka whakauru hoki i ngā whakaritenga pātea PCB me te tere EMI. I te wā kotahi, ko ngā āhuatanga hōtaka pērā i te telemetry, ngā interrupt, ngā mahi tārua, me ngā hōtaka whakahaere e taea te whakarite nāna e tūtohu ana ki ngā tino wāhanga i roto i te whakahaere pūngao katoa me te hono.

Ko ngā PMIC e pupuri ana i te whanonga pūngao e taea te mōhio ka whakapiki i te wā e te reira anake, ina koa i ngā pūnaha e whakahaere ana i ngā rōrahi, ngā processors, ngā mahi pāpāho, me ngā herenga pāmahana i runga i te wā ka mahi.

Te Arotautanga PMIC

Ka kitea te PMIC i te wā katoa e hiahia ana ki te whakawhiti, te tohatoha, te rārangi, te tirohia, me te tiaki i te pāngai puta noa i te wā e pupuni ana i ngā pānga me ngā raru. Kāore ia e taea te whakamaori i te gera, whakahohe i ngā bakengia, rānui, me ngā hātepe tono mo te kaiwhakarato anake. Ko te wā e hanga ana te hua i ngā pūrua maha e pā ana ki te raru ngā pāmahana, rerekē te hiko tango i te hiko pakeke, ka mōhiotia e te PMIC ka noho hei “whakaurutanga”, ka tīmata ki te piki i runga i te pūnaha. I roto i te nuinga o ngā hoahoa πραγματικοί, inā, ka pā te pūrere whakamanamana ki ngā rōrahi, ngā pūrere pāpāho, ngā whakamaharatanga, me ngā I/O tere, ka mau tonu te hanga pūngao e ārahi ki nga tikanga e taea te whakawhirinaki ki runga i te rōpū.

I te wā e Pūrākau ana te Whanonga PMIC i Roto i nga Āhua o te Pūnaha Tūmatanui

Te Whakautu Taake Te Huringa e Haere Puta

Ko te rorohiko hou me ngā pūrere tetahi e tango ana i ngā hiko tūāhua i raro i te pāmahana tango me te pehu, nāna e manaaki tēnā hiko. I te wā kāore e taea e te rōpū whakahaere i te PMIC, te capacitance o nā tāpiritanga, me te pāmahana whakamahi tuhinga e pupuri ana i te pā horahorahau, kāore te rōrahi kawenata e pā ana ki nga huarahi e tohua ana, rātou e tauria ki ngā whakahaere i te whakahīhia raraunga i te wā. Mai i te tirohanga hoahoa, kāre pea te whakauru e āwhina kāore tēnei aratū i te pūreā kei i te pūmau pūngao e rua nō rātau anake.

Ko ngā tīma e whakamahi ana i ngā tūtohi tuarua ki ngā yük mo te ngari ko te ara iahiko he mea pahau ki tōna e rehita ana. He mea nui te mowhiti pāpia: he poto ngā whāinga tāngata, he auau waihaki, me ngā tikanga korakora rōngā koa ki te whai wāhi pūngao e taea ai te whakatupu tāpiritanga e kore e kitea ina ka tukuna te tere ki etahi atu uara. Ko te akoranga pā mai kei te tawai o te te rā popoko ā tōna nei whakakitenga ki te wāhi i kīia ai hei whakataurite mō te mea e hangai ana i te āhua pai kāore e ki te kōwae rahi.

Ētita me te Tōpū Hika Ka Aroha Ki te Hoahoa Kaitiaki i Ngā Moana

Kāore e pai ki te whakautu ki te ariā pūkoro anake. Ka taea e ngā raru i mua i te wā e pāngi ana i te whakataetae o te matatika, he whakarunga te pā ki te pā e tika ana ki te raumati o te uara, me te hiahiatia hoki te wīwī o nga pā ki te pā. He hūmāngai te pā kehua i roto i ngā tāmaki, ana kaore e whakahiatū ki te pērā i te wā poto e te otinga i zņem da aliā pūkaō mō ngā pāni rēre.

Ko ngā pānga whanukū ka huri i ngā kōrero. Ko ngā mea honohono ki ngā huarahi me ngā hwaitika pākaika te ārahi ki ngā pihikete, ā, e taea ai e aua pihikete te hihiri i ngā whārangi o ngā rangitaki kāore e kitea i roto i tētahi (nohoa) whaarangi. I te wā e mahia ana, ko teiheto pūnteho ka tukuna i tiaki i te tūpato me te pātea i raro i ngā mahi cne no te ingoa pai k".

Pūtanga me te Whakawhitinga e ngā Āhuatanga o te Tautoko Tūātea

Ko te whakaritenga pūtaita me te hihiri e pā ana ki te whānui o te rahi ka tiakina te mahara ki te áta e whakatepe katoa hei maatau i te korokoro, kāwa te commemor tēā, ā, i ōna rōpū e rehe na te iwi e whakahaere ana. Ko te hanga e pā ana ki te "te rā tini tekau", e kī ana ki te whakarongo, ā, he uaua ki te hoko pai, ā, he uaua ki te tono āna te pato me ngā whakamahinga atu.

Ko te mahere e pā ana ki te whai wāhi ki te peihana pūhiko e pā ana ki te whakamahinga hei wāhi e mau ai te puāwaitanga i roto i te whakaritenga me te takahi e pā ana ki te whakahaere Picasso me te poupou ki ngā pā e hiahia ana ki te huri i ngā huarahi. Ko te hangai e whakau e kitea ana ki ngā taputapu i raro o te pūkenga i runga i te pūrere e pā ana ki te whakawhitinga e tika ana, kāore anō hoki te mau i te tāpiri.

Ngā Tono Whakarite hei Hāpori Hiahia

Ko te Whakaritenga Kōuki e Aromātai i roto i ngā Hōtaka, Kāore Hei Tamara ki te Ātea

Ko te whai wāhi e pā ana ki te tīari mō te whakamahi o te pūmanawa ka hapai ngā waitohu mo te whakangungu ki te mana e koretake ana, engari ko ngā tūrunga a tāura e pā ana ki ngā kawenata, ka whakaatu i ngā whenua hōtaka, ā, ka fatarua i te wīpū me te hū i nā reira. Ko ngā whakahau, kāore e koi kei roto i raro i ngā ruma e pa i ngā rōpū ka piki kē i ngā wāhi, ā, ko te "kaupapa" e tīkina e te mātaitanga o te mātā.

Mo ngā tāpokinga ā-pūhiko, ko te nakai me te taumata o te circuit e mohiotia ana ahakoa he hui pū takitahi, e pā ana ki te kahuia ana te pūtanga mai ki te rahi mai i te wīwī o te tauranga kōwae. I te wāhi i te rahi o ngā whakangungu, he tikanga he pāngia te riri mai ki ngā pā ki te pōti rahi e pā ai ki nga waahi kimi. Ko te kōwhiri iti ki te whakawhanake i te pāho ki ngā hua i oti ki ngā whānui, kāore e kīia ai ki te rārangi manao e ki te taputapu.

Te Ahua Nahi e Pā Ana ki te Puhukawa mai i te Whakatakoto E kore e Mahi Kei te Koraka

Ko ngā hautaki pāpaki ka whakaawe te nui o te patui, kāore e iti ka moka te rangatira pāhó. He nui ngā paatai e rite tiaki ki te tāhuatanga, e tika ana, ki te ako ki ngā kawenata paika, me ngā huarahi matimati i te pā, ā, pūria i te pūmanawa e whakahaerehia ki te tāpiri, nā, ka awhina i te pāhiko pāka المُni. I've kāore e noho i konei.

Ko ngā hoahoa e mau ana ki te āhua tītika e ahua ai tīrata e te pā. E taea ai i runga i ngā mea rauhī pūkoro ka whakawhāitihia ki ngā rauru e pā ana ki ngā whai wāhitanga kei konei. Ko te kāwanatanga e rarahi ana kā matua ki te ao i te wā i ki tetahi mā te kei e tino kawe ai ki te pāhiko.

Ko ngā here EMI e tuku ai te whakaara hāanga me te uari i ngā tārahi

Ko te whakakapia o ngā tikanga hūtanga i te pā i tā hauora e pā ana ki te Āwangawhakatū e hiahia ai. Ko te whakakato tuku me ngā āhua e pā ana ki te whai wāhi ko te waka aitua ka whakaaotic ia ki te pō me ngā taeratanga umo. Ko te kirimana i te taratara i ŗa te tinana kōrero pā te pā, he paunga i te kaimahi ki ngā hononga.

Ka nui ngā rōpū e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi otinga pōroiti, e taea te whakahaere, he mea whai wāhi ki ngā whakaahua pātea me ngā whanonga pātea e mōhiotia ana, nāna i whakaitihia te wā tirotiro me te whakaiti i te nguy ki te whakamanatanga. Ka pēnā tōna kōwhiringa hei kāwanatanga, engari ka tau kē pea ki te pono e ora ana ngā raru EMI i ngā wā whakatūria, i te whakapāha kaore i te ngāwari.

Ngā Āhuatanga Tiaki E Whakamārama Ai i te Wheako Hē me te Whakaatu Ratonga

E pā tonu ana te whanonga tiaki ki te whakautu pūnaha i ngā pānga hē. Ka taea e ngā tautuhinga OCP, OVP, OTP, me te whakaū hiko poto te whakatau mehemea ka mahi te pūnaha i tētahi tango parepare, ka kōwhiringia te āhua tuku, ka tīmata anō i ngā wā e hiahiatia ana te pērā. E pā tika ana ēnei whakautu ki te uaua o te rapu raru, ngā whakaritenga tautoko, me te wairua o te mārama ki te pono o te hua.

E ngana ana ngā tautuhinga tiaki ki te pānga ki ngā kaupapa whakahaere rerekē. Ka taea e te whakakotahi hiko rerekē te whakaitihia te nguy ki te kino, engari ka taea hoki te whakaoho anō i ngā tīmatanga e whai wāhi ana i ngā wā pēnei i te waikira hiko. Ka pai te whakahaere raru ki te pai te tango hei wāhanga o te rautaki whakaratonga i te wā e whakatau ana ko tehea te mea ka hiki anō, ko tehea te mea ka whitiki, ko tehea te mea ka tuhinga, me tehea te mea ka hē wawe, kaua e waiho hei uara tuhinga ki te tuhinga taunoa.

Te Utu Hono E Pērā me te Firmware, te Whakamātautau, me te Pono Tūmatanui

Ka raranga te utu hono e arowhai ana i te BOM me te rohe PCB. Kei roto te mahi firmware, te wāhi whakamātautau, te wā whakamātautau, te aukati a te hanga, me te taumahatanga tirotiro ina kāore e tutuki ngā mea e hiahia ana. Ka taea e ngā PMIC tiaki te iti iho i te tau tōrunga, e pā ana ki te āhua hou, engari ka arokahutia hoki e te nguy: ko tētahi taunga pātea ka whakaoho i te arohaehae o te wāhi tutu e aunoa ana te rōpū.

Ka taea hoki e ngā tikanga mōkī te piki ake i te pūāhua whakahiato me te whakahaere wāhanga, engari ka pai pea te tuku wātea me te māmāhia te mea ki te whakawhiti ki te pūnaha supply chain i ngā wā e huri ana, e whakaaro ana hoki ki ngā whakahōunga i waenga i te koanga ki te tīmatanga. Ko te kāhua pono ka mōhiotia ko te piki raru o te hōtaka: te māmā o te whakarite, te nui o ngā kōkukunga e tūmanakohia, me te maha o ngā wā e wātea ana te hoahoa i muri i te pūaha tuatahi.

Ngā Āhuatanga Hiko Pākiki: Te Whanonga e Haere Ana me ngā Taura e Pānui Ana

Ka taea e te ngāi me te whakahau, ngā rīriki rīriki, me te whakarei i te pātea hiko te tango i ngā painga tūturu: te mahi whakarite hiko, ngā whakautu hē māmā, me te whakarei i te āwhina e whai ana i te taumahatanga me te pāmahana. I te wā e tika ana, ka riro ēnei āhuatanga hei whakamutunga i ngā whakawhitiwhitinga firmware, te whakahaere whakawhiti, te tikanga rōrahi, me ngā momo raru hou e kore e kitea i ngā whakaritenga mōkī māmā. Ka riro te ngāi hei ahuatanga mīharo anake ka whakamahia te raraunga e kohikohia ana hei tirotiro me ngā whakatau hoahoa, kaua e waiho kāore e whakamahia i ngā papa tirohanga hē.

I raro i te tirohanga whakaritenga, ka riro te pūātea hiko hei kawenga ina ka kati he rīanga ine. Mēnā ka taea te whakamahi i te āhua hei whakahoki i te hua, hei whakaroa i te ora o te pūhiko, hei tango i te hāora hiko me ngā tikanga whakahaere, ka riro hei pēnā kaha. Mēnā kei te whakahohea anake nāna i wātea, ka riro kāore ēna whakahaere hei pānga i te whakamātautau, ka piki te nguy o te hē whakawhitiwhitinga, ka tipu anō te pātea o ngā tautuhinga ka waihanga te huakanga ko tehea ngā tautuhinga kei te tino whakaaro.

He Hōtaka Whakarite me te Whakamātautau e Tūhono ana ki te Whakaaro Pūnaha

Ka tīmata te mahinga mahi e mau ana i te pēhanga mai i ngā kāinga ki te whanonga pūnaha, kaua e mātai i tētahi rārangi PMIC me te tūmanako ka rite te pānga i muri. Ka wehewehe te raru ki ngā kōpaki mātanga, ka taea te whakamātautau me te whakapiki i te mārama ko tehea te mea he pai te whakatū tika i mua i te pōtae.

• Huri i ngā wāhi mahi ki ngā whakaritenga rīriki (te hapai i te pātea, te wā whakanoho, te hīkaka hiko, te pāteko i te auau).

• Whakaritea te pūtea hiko mō ngā pūnaha tukuna (ADC, PLL, SERDES, RF) me te mātai ki ngā pānga a te pātea me te ohorere whakatakoto.

• Whakaritea te huka, te whakawhiti i tāiri, me te whakahoki hāungakore hei mīhini kotahi.

• Tirohia te nguy EMI i te wa e whakamahi ana i ngā pokanga mo te whakarite me te aroaro e whai wāhi ana ki ngā tikanga tiaki e hiahiatia ana.

• Whakamātauhia te whanonga tiaki me ngā pokanga hē e pērā ana i ngā pōkare tūturu, ngā whakaahua cables, me te pāmahana pūhiko.

ADC / PLL / SERDES / RF

Ka whakaiti tēnei momo mahere i ngā mea tahua i ngā wā teitei ka whakatūhia i te rautaki kāwanatanga e tuhia ngatahi tā makanga e pā ana ki te whakatikanga hiko i te rautaki pūnaha, kāore hei taputapu rēretē. I te wā e hangaia ana te hiko hei rautaki me te mahi pūmau, ka ririki ka kaha te mahi, ka ngāwari te whakaū ki te raraunga, me te mahi tiaki ka nui te rautaki e hāngai ana, i te wā kāore te rōpū e noho waea pātea i ngā wāhanga rerekē e nāna i hanga raruraru.

Ngā Rautaki e Whakamārama Ana mō ngā PMICs

Ko teitei te kaha pākoko me te iti o nga pāmaha mātotoru e waiho ana nga PMIC e whakatau ana me te kaha hiko e pākākahi ana me te iti o nga whakaritenga mo te whakaroa. I te mea e noho ana nga wīra tuku i te tīmatanga mahi iti o te uta matihiko, ko te pātea iti ka taea te whakaatu hei hapa pātea, whakahoki, nāna i pā ki te “māori” i te wā e whakatūria ana te pūnaha. Ka nekehia te aro whakamāramatanga i te hoahoa mai i te hiahia ki te ātaahua o te wīra i te kāhua pā, ki te pēhea te whanonga e te wā he raru, e pākākahi ana te uta.

Ka kitea e te hunga e mahi ana he ao pāpopoto: he kowhiri e kāore i te raru i te teepu ka taea tonu te keria i te hua ina ka hanga ngā mahi tūturu i ngā hipanga uta kī, ngā wāhi pāwera, me te tohatoha karere kāore e rārangi ana te pū. Ko te tauira kaha ki te rāhuitia ko te whakahaere hoahoa, nga kōwhiringa i te hiko, me te PDN e pā ana ki te pūnaha piri kotahi, i muri mai ka whakakotahi te whanonga mā te whakamahi i ngā tohu mahi whakaaturanga kāore e tāpiritia ki ngā puoro, ko te pū tonu.

Ko te tere o ngā pātea he mea anō e waiho ana i ngā hoahoa ki ngā kōpuku pākākahi, engari ko ngā kōpuku pākākahi e māmā ana i ngā hoahoa ki te pānga kihai i taea e te kawenga pātea, te hanga mōrearea, me te oro pāpai e ngāwari ana ki te haere ki nga pā,

Ko te pikinga o te auau whakawhiti ka taea te awhina, engari kāore e pānui ki te pai o ngā pātea ina kāore te ara hau me te hōkai PCB e taea te tautoko i te pauna taapiri. Ka pa te whakaroa e noho ana, ko te whakamahi o te akoranga ka utua ki te whakaatu i te oro, e pā ana ki te āhua o te raru, te pānui ki te ongemīni, e pā ana ki te pākū, e paingia ana i te wā e noho ana te whakaurunga.

Ko nga rōpū rorohiko me ngā pāngarau e tango ana i te tono e tere ana me te pātea e ngaki ana, nō reira, ka whakaari te whakauru i ngā whai hua e pai ana ki te rorohiko me ngā īrā, kāore e pērā me te whai ao e taea e te pouaka tango ki te whakamahi i te hipanga kotahi.

He maha ngā rōpū e kotahi ana ki te mahi e whakakotahi ana:

• Te hopu uta i te whai

• Ngā rēhita pāngarau o te papatū

• Ngā whakahou i ngā whiringa whakahaere me te whakawhiti.

Ko tēnei huarahi he āhuatanga e whakahekehia ana i ngā pānga o ngā pūnaha, i te wā e pā ana ki te taimaha hiko e pā mai ana ki te kīwa hiko, e kiia ana koha ki te wā.

Ko te pēhanga ki te whakaheke i te nui i te wā e pana ana ki te whakarei i te whakakotahitanga ki te pūrere me te hanga rōpū e noho ana, kāore anake i te hapai. Ka taea te tuku whānui o te pūrere, e tarai ana i te pūrere me te puku, e whai wāhi ana ki te tuhinga.

I nga hua e whakauru ana, ko nga painga ki te whakakotahitanga ka pa mai i te whakaheke i te whakamahinga ki ngā rerekētanga hanga me te whakaute i ngā mahi i te taha o te kotahi, engari kāore e taea te tuku i te tohatoha o ngā i nga hiahia.

Ko te whiriwhiri pouaka e pea ana ki ngā hua hiko me te korakora, tae atu ki te iti o te karo atanga, e noho ana te pāpā e pata ana hei tino whai wāhi. Ko te akoranga ko te whānau e rua i te whakauru he mea pāpāho ka kawea ki te wahine, e rima nga āhuatanga e hapai ana i te uiruatanga.

I te wā e piki ana te whakauru, ka nui te whakamahere rautaki i mua i te whakawhanaketanga i ngā wā e rōpū e ai ki te urupare i ngā rānei rerekē ka taea e ngā wīhanga rerekē te whakakotahi.

Ka taea e ngā kuīni te rahi o te mahi me kāu e tere ana ki te teitei me te kīki rahi, e mea ana i ngā pūrere e noho pūhiwa ana. I te wā e arotahi ana, ka taea te waiho ki ngā huarahi pātea hou me te hanga i ngā waewae pātea e pā anō ki te pātea e tiaki ana i te pū.

Ko te kawa EMI e ahu whakamua ana kāore e rangatū ki ngā whakaritenga mā te whakamahi i te huarahi e whakaatu ana ngā whakawhitinga pātea ko te kareputanga. Ko ngāio hei āwhina, āheinga ki te tango i ngā whakamahi e pā ana ki te kī asperation, ko te tango i ngā pā rawa e whakahou i ngā paorotanga o ngā pūnā potai.

He maha ngā rōpū kua kite i te tīwī mīharo: i te wāhanga EMI e noho ana, kātahi ka pōwhiri i ngā rōpū e pā ana ki ngā pūtea rōpū i te wā e tāmatahai ana i ngā waewae pātea, i te wā e huri ana te akoranga umanga, ko te pahū me ngā rīki e huri ana i ngā ara kāinga.

I te whanaketanga o nga pito ka tere, ko te whakahaere i te dv/dt ka te akohia te whakapā atu ki nga whakahau me te auahatanga roa. E whakaratohia ana e nga kaikawe tatau te kaha ki te whakarite, a kei te tupu te rautaki whakamarumaru ki te mōhio ki te horopaki, hei raru e taea ai te awhina peera i te whakarite i nga pūnaha i te kāwanatanga o ngā kōwae.

He tikanga whai take hei tiaki i te wa, ko te whakatika i nga reiti pito mā te whakamahi i nga ine i tangohia i te hiki whakamaika, na te mea ka pā te kākahu, ngā pākā, me ngā hanganga whenua i ngā putanga EMI i ngā huarakau kāore e kitea e te papanui he.

Ko te whakawhanaketanga mōhio e whai ake ana i ngā nekeneke pārekareka pērā i te huri i te huru huringa ina tata mai ngā whakaputanga ki te pae teitei, ki te huri hoki ki ngā tikanga whakahaere. I roto i te wā, e tuku ana tēnei i ngā PMIC i tēnā mā te kohi-kai hei whakahaerenga pūnaha ka taea te whakataurite i te whai hua, te haruru, me ngā tāuta pāpere e pa ana ki ngā urupare kāore e pā ana ki ngā Whakaaro.

Kīhai ngā pūnaha pāwera kāore e toro ki ngā reiti pātea ultra-low me te whai hua taumahinga mau i ngā tikanga pērā i te PFM/ mā te patu, te noho a ngā pāhawe, me te kowhiri aunoa mōhio. Ko te hīkoikoi e mōhiotia ana e te nuinga o ngā tīma ko te mea e taea ai te te ao, e pā ana ki ngā tikanga.

Hei whakaiti i te pānga pōuri, ka tītina ēnei tīma ki te whakataurite i te wātea mōhio e pā ana ki ngā wāhanga taketake, ā, ka tīpakohia te rautaki ki te huru i tētahi e hāngai ana.

Ko ngā whāinga e mōhiotia ana hei āhuatanga:

• Ngā taumata ripples i te moe/ wātea

• Te raru o te awhina

• Ngā here haruru/ pātea

• Ngā pāhekoheko EMI i te wā e whakahaerehia ana te whakamarumaru.

I roto i te mahi, ka kī nga pūnaha pūeranga i raro i ngā pūnaha mahi e āheinga ana hei whakapā mai ki ngā whakaritenga morearea, ā, ka kī hei tauira tika rānei i ngā pātea e hiahia ana te pūnaha ki te awhina.

Ko te whakariterite aunoa e tino pai ana, engari ka pānga te huringa ki ngā whakaneke poto e pā mai ki runga i ngā ine e torohia ana me te tāuta i ngā ʻōrite pūerta me ngā pātea i ngā pātea e ngaro ana.

Ko te pūtohu tuarua he heke haere, ā, kāore e taea te hoatu te qi e trāngai e hangai ana hei pūnaha e rata ana e tarai ana ki te wa he painga hei tautoko i ngā pūnaha i ngā pūnaha takenga e te awhina.

I te mea e mōhiotia ana ngā pūnaha rorohiko e kawe ana ki te ātaahua, me ngā kōwae e māmā ana mā te awhina mai i te rangahau, te māmā ki te tango mai, me te hura ia e konitari ana ki ngā pātea e hāngai ana.

Ko te arotahi e taea ai e te katoa ka waiho ki ngā auā ka maroke, kāore ko ngā whakarite i te kanorua. Kua whānui i ngā painga kāore kei reira e hāngai ana ki ngā painga e ahu mai ana.

Ko te āhuatanga ehara i te mea e kite ana i ngā tīma e rongomai e kīhai mōhio te whakaraupatu e pā ana ki ngā pātea; ko te pumau, te taurite ki te pātea, me ngā whakaritenga mōhio hei painga me te pā o te wa kāore e hanga ki ngā whāinga.

I ngā kōwae ka taea he mea hei tiaki, he mea nui te rahi e pā ana ki te whakamārama me ngā hokinga pai.

Ko te huinga tiaki e pā ana ki te:

• Te rōrahi o te OCP

• Te whakautu OVP

• Te whakautu UVP

• Te whakautu OTP

• Ngā whakaritenga i te whakahou

• Ngā kaupapa whakahou

• Te āhua i ngā PMIC

Ka he ngā pūnaha tūturu i te mea kāore e pau i te āhua he rongoā, engari i te mea kāore e whai i ngā pūnaha rahi e heke ana ki te rangi wewete e tau ana ki te ngaro. Ko te kāwherarea o ngā raru e tāpae ana, te pā ple e te whakahiato he pūnaha e wiri ana e pā ana ki te kaha ki te whiwhi kaore e pā mai ki te taiao.

Ka noho pikinga te whakamahi i te GaN me te SiC i nga waahi e rahi ana te pehanga whakarereke me te pai o te mahi. Ka taea e te whakarereke tere te whakaheke i nga mea hiko me te waiho i te whakautu ohorere, engari ka piki ake ano te whakapāngia e te dv/dt, te noho pāpāho EMI, me nga whakaritenga mo te hoahoa tino katoa me te rautaki whakanui. Ko nga here kaore i te hiko anake; ka toro atu hoki ki nga paerewa whakahaere i waenga i nga whakaahua whakaputa me nga whakaaro he kehua i te ao ka ako nga roopu ki te tango i nga tino.

Ko nga rongoā GaN me SiC e paingia ana ki te whakahaere poari-kāore, te whakaritenga taiao, me nga tauira tiaki e aukati i te pikinga, te rangi, me te whakatū i ruarua. Ko te pārongo whai kiko ka puta i nga wa katoa, ko te kounga hoahoa ka taea te mana ki te whiriwhiri taputapu; ko te hoahoa pai kua whakaritea ki tetahi “rerekē” taputapu ka taea te pai ki te taputapu premium ka waiho ki roto i te hopu hiko, huri.

I a ka piki nga tere whakarereke, ka mohiotia nga kōwhiringa ki te whakamutu me nga taumata pono i roto i nga arotake whakaritenga me te whakamahere tohu. Ka tere te pikinga o te whakatutukitanga i nga waahi e kite ana te whakatutukitanga te whakaaetanga i te tikanga hoahoa, i te wa ka nekehia nga hua pūtea e pa ana ki te utu, ki te hiko me te pāpāho.

Ko nga PMIC e whakaarahia ana hei whakangao i nga huihono he mea whakarite ki te whakahaere i te pai, te pāpāho, te pāmahana, me te pono i te wā tonu. Ko nga anga e pooti ana ki te pākiki nui ka tango ki te powhi, ka pā me pēhea te tika o te pūnaha rorohiko i whakarato te whakahaere hoki e arotahi ana te pūnaha taputapu. Ka poraka tēnei i te taurite i waenga i te taiao me te pūmanawa i runga i te āhua ka mahara pea he riri, engari ka whiwhi pea te utu e pā ana ki te whakaheke i te makehu tuku me te whakaita i te ahuru i raro i te kaha whakaputa pono.

Whakakapi

Ko te tiaki pātea whaihua kei te hiahiatia tetahi wāhanga tiaki anake. Ko nga hoahoa pono e hiahiatia ana hei tikanga tika i waenga i te tango i te huka, te pāwhaiti i te pāmahana, te rāhui i nga ira, te raupa, te hoahoa, me te wa whakatuwheratanga. Ka whai kiko te pūrere tiaki kei a ia tetahi ake kaha me nga here, nō reira me te whiriwhiri me pā te pūrere ki te tauāki āwhina, te taumata hiko, te tere whakautu, me te taiao whakahaere. Ka whakahou te rautaki tiaki ka pai te ahuru, ka whakaiti te take hapa, ka tautoko i te pono i nga pūnaha hiko o te ao.

Nga Patai Auau (FAQ)

1. He aha i whakaarohia ai he PMIC hei kaiwhakarite mana ki te taumata pūnaha, kaua ki te regulator pāmahana anake?

Ka whakatangihia e te PMIC te nui atu i te tahuri i te pāmahana kotahi ki te pāmahana kē. Ka whakahaerehia e ia te hanga, te tikanga, te tirotiro, te tohatoha, me te tiaki i nga raupapa maha i roto i te pūnaha katoa. I roto i nga hoahoa whaihua, ka whakaratohia e te PMIC nga raupapa rorohiko, nga hiko mahara, ngā wāhanga RF, ngā pūrere, me ngā pānga āpitihanga i te wa e whakahaere ana hoki i te wa tuatahi, te whakahokinga hapa, ngā pāmahana, me te tohu powhiri. I te mea kei te haere i ngā mana katoa i aua niupepa, ka waihohia te PMIC hei tetahi o nga mea matua e whakatū i te pono me te tāra o te pūnaha.

2. He aha i ngā mōhiohio i runga i te PMIC ka kitea pea anake i raro i nga aūhakinga auraki, kaua i te wa e whakatekinotia ana i roto i nga whakamātautau laboratorio?

Ka kitea te whakamātautau ana i ngā hiriwa pūata i raro i ngā hiko rīmi ka pakaru te āhua o te taea o nga pūhanga i te wā e whakaratohia ana e nga pūrere aunoatanga, ngā hātepe RF, te tirohanga o nga hiko, me te kirikiri pau. I raro i nga āhuatanga whakahaere e tika ana, ka tae mai nga raupapa ki nga whakaekenga ngākau ngākau e raru ana i te whakautu ohorere, ngā parasitiko PCB, te whakatika kōwhiringa, me te rerekē o te kaikawe. Ka taea e te PMIC te pā ngāka raupapa iērā whakamātautau tinana kāore pea, engari ka waihohia ko te pākaurunga, te whakatū i runga i, ngā pākiki, te tono rārangi, kei a ia anake.

3. He aha i whakataurite ai te whakamu i te mana ki te whakatū ōna tikanga hei whakakitenga nāna e āwhina?

He maha ngā pūnaha matihiko e hiahia ana i ngā hononga whakaritenga mo te wa e mahia ana e ngā raupapa, ngā hiko mahara, ngā pākiki tukatuka, ngā tohu whakahōu, me ngā pānga tuatahitanga. Ki te piki te raupapa i te rauhanga hē, ka ratonga pea nga pūhanga, nga taputapu puhuruhake anō, me nga whakawhitinga tere te hakamā, ki të tautituhia ko ngā iku kāore pea i ngā wā e wātea ana. Ka puta tenei raru ki nga hapa tuhinga i te wā whakawhahoutanga i te wā e rūnā ana e ngā pāmahana, brownouts, me ngā raru hot-plug pūhera. Nō reira, ka noho ko te whakamahere ka pūnua e te pūnaha me te kōwae pūmanawa, he rēti hāraka kāore he āwhina.

4. He aha te whakautu ohorere a te PMIC ka taea te pupuri i te mahi e tika ana i te ao me te CPU me GPU?

Ka whakaputa ngā pūnākau hou i ngā huringa hiko ohorere i ngā mahi pikinga, ngā whakaritenga AI, ngā pāmaunga kēmu, me ngā mahi rōia. Mēnā kāore te PMIC e taea te pupuri i te pūmau hiko i ēnei huihuinga, ka taea e te whakaritenga te whakaiti i te roa pikinga, te tuku i te tere karaihe, nōna i te whānuitanga wā ki te whakahīhī i ngā tūkino. I roto i te nuinga o ngā hua, ka ngaro te mana tuku hiko i runga i te mānuka i tuku hāngai ai te pūnākau i runga i te pepa. He nui ake te pānga o te urupare hākari pūmau ki te hua pūnaha e taea te whakamahi i te wā kāore e whakatauritea ki ngā whakaritenga e pā ana ki te kaha teitei anake.

5. He aha te take ka pā mai ngā rākau me ngā nīnau huringa i ngā PMIC ki ngā raru kei tawhiti atu i te pūnaha hiko mōhio?

Ka taea e ngā rākau huringa me ngā nīnau whānui te tukumahi i roto i ngā huringa RF, ngā whakaahua ADC, ngā PLLs, ngā hononga SERDES, me ngā ara anaru pāngarau e ngā pānga whenua e noho ke ana, me ngā mea pahū PCB. Ahakoa he iti ngā taumata rākau, ka taea e rātou te whakaitihia te tika o te ADC, te whakapiki i te nīnau wā, te whakahū i te whānuitanga wā, me te whakararuraru i te pono ki te whakawhiti i te tere teitei. He hauna kaihoko pai, ka puta i runga i te kāmera e hāngai ana ki te hiko kāore e riro i roto i ngā pūnaha hūmāūki ki ngā rākau āta noho.

6. He aha te take ka ngā take pāmahana PMIC e whakatau ana i te kaha whakahaere pūmau teitei?

I te wā e pikinga ana te pāmahana PMIC, ka heke te kaha me nā hiko whakamarumaru ka tīmata te whakaiti i te hiko e wātea ana, e awhina ana i te whakauru a te kirimana. I roto i ngā pūnaha kīato, ka taea e ngā wāhi pāmahana e tata ana ki ngā pūnākau, te mahara, me ngā wāhi RF te whakamōhiotanga i te PMIC ki te teitei pāmahana i mua i te pā mai te whenua hiko tūturu. Nā reira, ko te kōwhiringa kaihiko i te pūnaha e taea ana te hoko mai i te wāhi pāmahana, te matete kāpara, me ngā kōwhiringa pūnākau hei taonga ki ngā whakaritenga i ngā whakaritenga a e pā ana ki ngā pūnākau.

7. He aha te take ka noho ngā miihini ki te whakakotahi i ngā kaiwhakataki buck me ngā kaiwhakataki LDO i roto i ngā hoahoa pāngarau?

Ka tuku ngā kaiwhakataki buck i te whakaiti hiko pai mō ngā rārangi hiko teitei engari ka whakauru i ngā rākau huringa me te EMI. Ka whakaputa ngā LDO i te hiko pūmau me te iti iho te nīnau, engari ka whakapouri atu i te pāmahana i te wā e tukuna ana i ngā hiko teitei. He kōwhiringa noa e whakamahi ana i tētahi kaiwhakataki buck ki te whakaputa i tētahi rārangi waenganui i runga i te pai, i muri mai e whāngai ana i tētahi LDO ki te whakapai i te hiko anaru pāngarau teitei i te RF. Ko tēnei huihuri e whakatōpū ana i te pai, te whakahaere pāmahana, me te whakaiti nīnau i runga i te pai atu i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā aratau ruarua anake.

8. He aha te take ka whakaarohia ngā whakaritenga raru PMIC hei wāhanga o te wheako hua whānui?

Ka whakaritea e ngā āhua raru mēnā ka ngaro te hua ki te nipatanga māmā, ka riro i roto i te hākoro ki te whakarewa, ka paku te whakaiti, ka noho raru i ngā wā kāore e pai. Ko te kunenga i te mana, te ngaro pāmahana, te whakahaere i te hiko teitei, me te wā whakaora, ka pēnā ki te mahi pānga ki ngā raru kaupapa hiko, ngā take tinihū, rānei ngā huihuinga i overloading. Ko ngā tikanga PMIC hei hoahoa pai ka tango i ngā raru i runga i te māngai hihiri, ka hoki ki ngā rāngai kua whakahaerehia, e whakahekea ana i te uauatanga ratonga me te aukati i ngā take iti ka koha ki te panga pūnaha whānui.

9. He aha te take ka pēria mai ngā PMIC hou ki te haere i ngā tikanga pāngarau me ngā kaupapa hiko whitiki?

Ka huri huri te pūnaha hou i ngā mahi, ngā āhuatanga pāmahana, ngā mahi rōia, me te whakauru i ngā pūnaha ki te e pā ana ki te wā. Ka taea e te telemetri PMIC te arowhai i ngā tikanga rārangi, te whakamahi hiko, te pāmahana, me ngā huihuinga raru i te wā e mau ana. Ka taea e tēnei raraunga te āwhina i te whakapiki pāmahana, te whakahaere pāmahana, te whakamahi whakaatu, me ngā wāhanga o te whakamarumaru. Heoi, ka kawea mai e ngā pūnaha hiko whitiki ngā uauatanga hou ki te whakaahu te waehere i te huarahi, nō reira ka taea e te pōro pātera te hopu raru e kīa kāore i ngā hoahoa anaru tūturu.

10. He aha te take ka nekehia ngā hoahoa PMIC āpōpō ki te "whakahaere hiko" kaua e noho ki ngā whakawhiti hiko māmā?

Ka tūmanakohia ngā PMIC āpōpō ki te whakarite i te pai, ngā pāmahana, ngā huringa EMI, te whakamarumaru, te whānuitanga mahi, ngā tikanga whakauru, me te telemetri pūnaha i te wā kotahi. Ka hiahia ngā hangarau huringa tere, ngā mākū hiko pēnei me ngā kaupapa ruka e hiahiatia ana te PMIC ki te panuku i tōna mahi i runga i ngā pānga mau ki te wā kei te wahi e noho ana kāore e noho ana i wā kāore e noho pū. Ka huri tēnei whakawhirinaki hei pūnaha whakahaere e rata ana ki te rūpahu me te pūnaha pūnaha i te wa e pūmau ana, e taea ana, e te awa ki te whakahaere i ngā pūnaha pūnaha i ngā huringa.